The amount of sleep each person needs depends on many factors, including age. Infants generally require about 16 hours a day. For most adults, seven to eight hours a night appears to be the ideal amount of sleep, although a few people may need a little as five hours’ sleep or as much as ten hours’ sleep each day.
Getting too little sleep creates a sleep debt, and eventually, your body will demand that the debt be repaid.


A large member of people over 65 have frequent sleeping problems, such as insomnia, and deep sleep stages in many elderly people often become very short or stop completely. Microsleeps, or very brief episodes of sleep in an otherwise awake person, are another mark of sleep deprivation. In many cases, people are not aware that they are experiencing microsleeps. The widespread practice of burning the candle at both ends in western industrialised societies has created so much sleep deprivation that what is really abnormal sleepiness is now almost the norm.

How much sleep do we need?

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Research shows that no company can succeed today by trying to be all things to all people. It must instead find the unique value that it alone can deliver to a chosen market. Choosing one discipline to master does not mean that a company abandons the others, only that it picks a dimension of value on which to stake its market reputation over the long term. Three distinct value disciplines have been identified, so called because each discipline produces a different kind of customer value. 

 

How market leaders keep their edge

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There are a number of bad habits which poor readers adopt. Most of these involve using extra body movement in the reading process. In efficient reading, the muscles of the eye should make the only external movement. Of course there must be vigorous mental activity, but extra movements, such as pointing with the finger or moving the lips, do not help reading and often slow it down.
A fault that is often seen when readers are trying to concentrate is pointing to the words with a finger or pen. While marking the line might be helpful for beginning readers, it is certainly unnecessary for normal readers. Besides, slowing down the reader, pointing at lines or words tends to cause the reader to focus his attention on the wrong thing. The important thing to concentrate on while reading is not the location of the words on the page but the idea that the author is trying to communicate.

Common faults and eye movement

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